Sexy Women's Reindeer Fancy Dress Costume

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Arctic peoples have depended on caribou for food, clothing, and shelter. European prehistoric cave paintings represent both tundra and forest forms, the latter either the Finnish forest reindeer or the narrow-nosed reindeer, an eastern Siberia forest form. [14] Canadian examples include the Caribou Inuit, the inland-dwelling Inuit of the Kivalliq Region in northern Canada, the Caribou Clan in the Yukon, the Iñupiat, the Inuvialuit, the Hän, the Northern Tutchone, and the Gwichʼin (who followed the Porcupine caribou herd for millennia). Hunting wild reindeer and herding of semi-domesticated reindeer are important to several Arctic and sub-Arctic peoples such as the Duhalar for meat, hides [ de], antlers, milk [ ru], and transportation. [6] Since reindeer shed their antlers at different points of the year based on their sex and age, we know that Santa’s reindeer probably aren't older males, because older male reindeer lose their antlers in December and Christmas reindeer are always depicted with their antlers. Female Svalbard deer begin growing their antlers in summer and keep them all year. That means Santa’s sled either has to be pulled by young reindeer, constantly replaced as they start to age, or Santa’s reindeer are female. 6. Reindeer were originally connected to Santa through poetry. Tomson Highway, CM [241] is a Canadian and Cree playwright, novelist, and children's author, who was born in a remote area north of Brochet, Manitoba. [241] His father, Joe Highway, was a caribou hunter. His 2001 children's book entitled Caribou Song/ atíhko níkamon was selected as one of the "Top 10 Children's Books" by the Canadian newspaper The Globe and Mail. The young protagonists of Caribou Song, like Tomson himself, followed the caribou herd with their families. Krivoshapkin, A.A. (2016). "Миграция диких северных оленей ( Rangifer tarandus L.) таймырской популяции на территорию северо-западной Якутии" [Migration of wild reindeer ( Rangifer tarandus L.) of the Taimyr population to the territory of northwestern Yakutia]. ВЕСТНИК СВФУ[ SVFU Bulletin Биологические науки [Biological Sciences]]. 6: 15–20. Shapkin, A. (2017). "About phenotypic variability of taimyr tundra wild reindeer ( Rangifer tarandus)". Genetika i razvedenie životnyh[ Genetics and Breeding of Animals] (in Russian and English). 1: 22–30.

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Reindeer are also called tuttu by the Greenlandic Inuit [47] and hreindýr, sometimes rein, by the Icelanders. Santa Claus Hot Chocolate Reindeer Christmas Lights Hallmark Ugly Sweaters Mug | Happy Year Tumbler | Retro Tumbler | Cute Christmas Tumbler These advances in Rangifer genetics were brought together with previous morphological-based descriptions, ecology, behavior and archaeology to propose a new revision of the genus. [9] Species and subspecies [ edit ] Extant species and subspecies of Rangifer Species The tapetum lucidum of Arctic reindeer eyes changes in color from gold in summer to blue in winter to improve their vision during times of continuous darkness, and perhaps enable them to better spot predators. [153] Biology and behaviors [ edit ] Seasonal body composition [ edit ] SwedenInsular (island) reindeer, classified as the Novaya Zemlya reindeer ( R. t. pearsoni) occupy several island groups: the Novaya Zemlya Archipelago (about 5,000 animals at last count, but most of these are either domestic reindeer or domestic-wild hybrids), the New Siberia Archipelago (about 10,000 to 15,000), and Wrangel Island (200 to 300 feral domestic reindeer). [23]

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United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA) (13 December 2022). "Fun Facts about Reindeer and Caribou". Food and Drug Administration. The reindeer has an important economic role for all circumpolar peoples, including the Sámi, the Swedes, the Norwegians, the Finns and the Northwestern Russians in Europe, the Nenets, the Khanty, the Evenks, the Yukaghirs, the Chukchi and the Koryaks in Asia and the Inuit in North America. It is believed that domestication started between the Bronze and Iron Ages. Siberian reindeer owners also use the reindeer to ride on (Siberian reindeer are larger than their Scandinavian relatives). For breeders, a single owner may own hundreds or even thousands of animals. The numbers of Russian and Scandinavian reindeer herders have been drastically reduced since 1990. The sale of fur and meat is an important source of income. Reindeer were introduced into Alaska near the end of the 19th century; they interbred with the native caribou subspecies there. Reindeer herders on the Seward Peninsula have experienced significant losses to their herds from animals (such as wolves) following the wild caribou during their migrations. [ citation needed] In 2011, noting that the former classifications of Rangifer tarandus, either with prevailing taxonomy on subspecies, designations based on ecotypes, or natural population groupings, failed to capture "the variability of caribou across their range in Canada" needed for effective subspecies conservation and management, COSEWIC developed Designatable Unit (DU) attribution, [34] an adaptation of "evolutionary significant units". [78] The 12 designatable units for caribou in Canada (that is, excluding Alaska and Greenland) based on ecology, behavior and, importantly, genetics (but excluding morphology and archaeology) essentially followed the previously-named subspecies distributions, without naming them as such, plus some ecotypes. Ecotypes are not phylogenetically based and cannot substitute for taxonomy. [79] A darker belly color may be caused by two mutations of MC1R. They appear to be more common in domestic reindeer herds. [140] Heat exchange [ edit ] Kholodova, M.V.; Kolpashchikov, L.A.; Kuznetsova, M.V.; Baranova, A.I. (2011). "Genetic diversity of wild reindeer ( Rangifer tarandus) of Taimyr: analysis of polymorphism of the control region of mitochondrial DNA". Biology Bulletin. 38: 42–49. doi: 10.1134/S1062359011010067. S2CID 9180267.

I thought I didn’t receive any presents this Christmas, until I realized you’re the only gift I need today. Keep collections to yourself or inspire other shoppers! Keep in mind that anyone can view public collections - they may also appear in recommendations and other places. If you were a reindeer, you’d be Cupid, because your friend is looking fine tonight. Can you introduce me? Similarly, working on museum collections where skins were often faded and in poor states of preservation, early taxonomists could not readily perceive differences in coat patterns that are consistent within a subspecies, but variable among them. Geist calls these "nuptial" characteristics: sexually selected characters that are highly conserved and diagnostic among subspecies. [14] [58] summers in the northern Yukon mountains and the coastal plains; winters in the boreal forests of Alaska and the Yukon

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A R. t. pearyi-sized caribou occupied Greenland before and after the LGM and persisted in a relict enclave in northeastern Greenland until it went extinct about 1900 (see discussion of R. t. eogroenlandicus below). Archaeological excavations showed that larger barren-ground-sized caribou appeared in western Greenland about 4,000 years ago. [59] Reindeer occur in both migratory and sedentary populations, and their herd sizes vary greatly in different regions. The tundra subspecies are adapted for extreme cold, and some are adapted for long-distance migration. a b c d e f g h i j k l Mattioli, S. (2011). "Caribou ( Rangifer tarandus)", pp. 431–432 in: Handbook of the Mammals of the World Vol. 2: Hoofed Mammals. Lynx Edicions, Barcelona. ISBN 978-84-96553-77-4There are only two genetically pure populations of wild reindeer in Northern Europe: wild mountain reindeer ( R. t. tarandus) that live in central Norway, with a population in 2007 of between 6,000 and 8,400 animals; [222] and wild Finnish forest reindeer ( R. t. fennicus) that live in central and eastern Finland and in Russian Karelia, with a population of about 4,350, plus 1,500 in Arkhangelsk Oblast and 2,500 in Komi. [223] East of Arkhangelsk, both wild Siberian tundra reindeer ( R. t. sibiricus) (some herds are very large) and domestic reindeer ( R. t. domesticus) occur with almost no interbreeding by wild reindeer into domestic clades and none the other way (Kharzinova et al. 2018; [224] Rozhkov et al. 2020 [225]).

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In 1991, COSEWIC assigned "endangered status" to the Banks Island and High Arctic populations of the Peary caribou. The Low Arctic population of the Peary caribou was designated as Threatened. In 2004, all three were designated as "endangered." [199] In 2015, COSEWIC returned the status to Threatened. Some species and subspecies are rare and three subspecies have already become extinct: the Queen Charlotte Islands caribou ( R. t. dawsoni) from western Canada, the Sakhalin reindeer ( R. t. setoni) from Sakhalin and the East Greenland caribou from eastern Greenland, [28] [29] [30] although some authorities believe that the latter, R. t. eogroenlandicus Degerbøl, 1957, is a junior synonym of the Peary caribou. [31] [32] [9] Historically, the range of the sedentary boreal woodland caribou covered more than half of Canada [33] and into the northern states of the contiguous United States from Maine to Washington. Boreal woodland caribou have disappeared from most of their original southern range and were designated as Threatened in 2002 by the Committee on the Status of Endangered Wildlife in Canada (COSEWIC). [34] Environment Canada reported in 2011 that there were approximately 34,000 boreal woodland caribou in 51 ranges remaining in Canada (Environment Canada, 2011b), [35] although those numbers included montane populations classified by Harding (2022) into subspecies of the Arctic caribou. [9] Siberian tundra reindeer herds are also in decline, and Rangifer as a whole is considered to be Vulnerable by the IUCN.

Originally, the reindeer was found in Scandinavia, Eastern Europe, Greenland, Russia, Mongolia and northern China north of the 50th latitude. In North America, it was found in Canada, Alaska, and the northern contiguous United States from Maine to Washington. In the 19th century, it was still present in southern Idaho. [2] Even in historical times, it probably occurred naturally in Ireland, and it is believed to have lived in Scotland until the 12th century, when the last reindeer were hunted in Orkney. [169] During the Late Pleistocene Epoch, reindeer occurred further south in North America, such as in Nevada, Tennessee, and Alabama, [170] and as far south as Spain in Europe. [161] [171] Today, wild reindeer have disappeared from these areas, especially from the southern parts, where it vanished almost everywhere. Large populations of wild reindeer are still found in Norway, Finland, Siberia, Greenland, Alaska and Canada. According to Grubb (2005), Rangifer is "circumboreal in the tundra and taiga" from "Svalbard, Norway, Finland, Russia, Alaska (USA) and Canada including most Arctic islands, and Greenland, south to northern Mongolia, China (Inner Mongolia), [172] Sakhalin Island, and USA (northern Idaho and Great Lakes region)." Reindeer were introduced to, and are feral in, "Iceland, Kerguelen Islands, South Georgia Island, Pribilof Islands, St. Matthew Island"; [7] a free-ranging semi-domesticated herd is also present in Scotland. [173] While overall widespread and numerous, some reindeer species and subspecies are rare and three subspecies have already become extinct. [28] [29] As of 2015, the IUCN has classified the reindeer as Vulnerable due to an observed population decline of 40% over the last +25 years. [2] According to IUCN, Rangifer tarandus as a species is not endangered because of its overall large population and its widespread range. [2]