Tissues and Issues

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Agache, P. G., Monneur, C., Leveque, J. L. & De Rigal, J. Mechanical properties and Young’s modulus of human skin in vivo. Arch. Dermatol. Res. 269, 221–232 (1980). Meng, X. M., Nikolic-Paterson, D. J. & Lan, H. Y. Inflammatory processes in renal fibrosis. Nat. Rev. Nephrol. 10, 493–503 (2014). Conte, V. et al. Control of cell–cell forces and collective cell dynamics by the intercellular adhesome. Nat. Cell Biol. 17, 409–420 (2015). Emma Waymouth is a single parent of two autistic children. She described the group as a safe and friendly place, away from the judgemental stares that can sadly sometimes come with the territory. Read More Related Articles Chlasta, J. et al. Variations in basement membrane mechanics are linked to epithelial morphogenesis. Development 144, 4350–4362 (2017).

Kasza, K. E. et al. The cell as a material. Curr. Opin. Cell Biol. 19, 101–107 (2007). This is the first article to consider cells as a material. Calejo, I., Costa-Almeida, R., Reis, R. L. & Gomes, M. E. A physiology-inspired multifactorial toolbox in soft-to-hard musculoskeletal interface tissue engineering. Trends Biotechnol. 38, 83–98 (2019).Venkatesh, S. K., Wang, G., Teo, L. L. S. & Ang, B. W. L. Magnetic resonance elastography of liver in healthy Asians: normal liver stiffness quantification and reproducibility assessment. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 39, 1–8 (2014). Vincent, R. et al. Active tensile modulus of an epithelial monolayer. Phys. Rev. Lett. 115, 248103 (2015). The album represents a whole new direction for the singer. Her previous album, Prelude, a ' best of' album, had ended her classical career; Tissues and Issues is her first ever pop album. Melo, E. et al. Effects of the decellularization method on the local stiffness of acellular lungs. Tissue Eng. Part C 20, 412–422 (2014).

Mancini, M. L. & Sonis, S. T. Mechanisms of cellular fibrosis associated with cancer regimen-related toxicities. Front. Pharmacol. 5, 51 (2014). Desai, S. S. et al. Physiological ranges of matrix rigidity modulate primary mouse hepatocyte function in part through hepatocyte nuclear factor 4 alpha. Hepatology 64, 261–275 (2016). Usually, this will occur in one part of the body, such as the pancreas. Destruction of pancreatic beta cells means the body cannot produce insulin. This is how type 1 diabetes happens. Alkhouli, N. et al. The mechanical properties of human adipose tissues and their relationships to the structure and composition of the extracellular matrix. AJP Endocrinol. Metab. 305, E1427–E1435 (2013).Osteogenesis imperfecta . Osteogenesis imperfecta is a condition of brittle bones, low muscle mass, and lax joints and ligaments. There are several types of this condition. Specific symptoms depend on the specific type and may include: Squamous – cells are flattened, can be keratinized or nonkeratinized, involved in protection and diffusion, found in capillary walls and skin Ingber, D. E. Tensegrity-based mechanosensing from macro to micro. Prog. Biophys. Mol. Biol. 97, 163–179 (2008). This article provides a complete overview of tensegrity in cell mechanics and its parallel with tensegrity architecture. Each B cell makes one specific antibody. For instance, one might make an antibody against the bacteria that cause pneumonia, and another might recognize the common cold virus.

Ye, K. et al. Matrix stiffness and nanoscale spatial organization of cell-adhesive ligands direct stem cell fate. Nano Lett. 15, 4720–4729 (2015). Leong, H. T., Hug, F. & Fu, S. N. Increased upper trapezius muscle stiffness in overhead athletes with rotator cuff tendinopathy. PLoS One 11, e0155187 (2016).Alcaraz, J. et al. Microrheology of human lung epithelial cells measured by atomic force microscopy. Biophys. J. 84, 2071–2079 (2003). Wenger, M. P. E., Bozec, L., Horton, M. A. & Mesquidaz, P. Mechanical properties of collagen fibrils. Biophys. J. 93, 1255–1263 (2007). Two major characteristics of epithelial tissue divide it into subclasses: the shape of the cells and the presence of layers.

Lampi, M. C. & Reinhart-King, C. A. Targeting extracellular matrix stiffness to attenuate disease: from molecular mechanisms to clinical trials. Sci. Transl Med. 10, eaao0475 (2018). Transports oxygen, nutrients, and other substances to the cells and transports wastes, carbon dioxide, and other substances away from the cells; it can also help stabilize body temperature and pHCollects, transfers, and processes information and directs short-term change in other organ systems Hadden, W. J. et al. Stem cell migration and mechanotransduction on linear stiffness gradient hydrogels. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA 114, 5647–5652 (2017). Tsamis, A., Krawiec, J. T. & Vorp, D. A. Elastin and collagen fibre microstructure of the human aorta in ageing and disease: a review. J. R. Soc. Interface 10, 20121004 (2013).