DeFilippis, Chris (2006). The Everything Horse Care Book. Avon, MA: Adams Media. p.4. ISBN 978-1-59337-530-0. OCLC 223814651.

Pennisi, Elizabeth (22 February 2018). "Ancient DNA upends the horse family tree". sciencemag.org. Archived from the original on 21 September 2022 . Retrieved 30 June 2022. Dorrance, Bill (1999). True horsemanship through feel. Guilford, CT: The Lion Press. p.1. ISBN 1-58574-321-6.Kline, Kevin H. (2010-10-07). "Reducing weaning stress in foals". Montana State University eXtension. Archived from the original on 2012-03-22 . Retrieved 2012-04-03. Hairston, Rachel; Madelyn Larsen (2004). The Essentials of Horsekeeping. New York: Sterling Publishing Company, Inc. p. 77. ISBN 0-8069-8817-7. OCLC 53186526. Horse Fight vs Flight Instinct". eXtension. 2009-09-24. Archived from the original on 2013-05-15 . Retrieved 2013-04-17. The tongue of the horse is spatula-shaped, and the body is narrow. You will find the torus linguae in cattle tongue, but there are no torus linguae in horse tongue. A horse’s esophagus has three parts – cervical, thoracic and abdominal parts. The abdominal part of the esophagus is so small in a horse compared to a cow. The skull consists of 34 bones and contains four cavities: the cranial cavity, the orbital cavity, oral, and the nasal cavity. The cranial cavity encloses and protects the brain and it supports several sense organs. The orbital cavitity surrounds and protects the eye. The oral cavity is a passageway into the respiratory and digestive systems. The nasal cavity leads into the respiratory system, and includes extensive paranasal sinuses. The nasal cavity contains turbinate bones that protect the mucous membrane that lines the cavity from warm inspired air. The skull consists of fourteen major bones

The spinous process of axis vertebrae is divided into two parts by two ridges and projected caudally. This article needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. Collins, Tony; Martin, John; Vamplew, Wray (2005). Encyclopedia of Traditional British Rural Sports. London: Routledge. pp.173–174. ISBN 0-415-35224-X. OCLC 57005595. Archived from the original on 2023-03-20 . Retrieved 2020-09-28. Bryant, Jennifer Olson; George Williams (2006). The USDF Guide to Dressage. Storey Publishing. pp.271–272. ISBN 978-1-58017-529-6. Archived from the original on 2023-03-20 . Retrieved 2020-09-28.Some special anatomical features from horse urinary organs are found. The kidney of a horse has no lobulation, and the renal pyramid is not so prominent. You will easily identify the horse’s kidneys with their shape. The right kidney is heart-shaped and the left kidney is bean-shaped in a horse. Buchner, H., Savelberg, H., Schamhardt, H. and Barneveld, A., 1997. Inertial properties of Dutch Warmblood horses. Journal of Biomechanics, 30(6), pp.653-658. Horses are frequently used in television, films and literature. They are sometimes featured as a major character in films about particular animals, but also used as visual elements that assure the accuracy of historical stories. [212] Both live horses and iconic images of horses are used in advertising to promote a variety of products. [213] The horse frequently appears in coats of arms in heraldry, in a variety of poses and equipment. [214] The mythologies of many cultures, including Greco-Roman, Hindu, Islamic, and Germanic, include references to both normal horses and those with wings or additional limbs, and multiple myths also call upon the horse to draw the chariots of the Moon and Sun. [215] The horse also appears in the 12-year cycle of animals in the Chinese zodiac related to the Chinese calendar. [216] Price, Steven D.; Shiers, Jessie (2007). The Lyons Press Horseman's Dictionary (Reviseded.). Guilford, CT: Lyons Press. p.231. ISBN 978-1-59921-036-0.